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Related Experiment Video

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Programmed death-ligand expression and lymph node involvement in penile squamous cell carcinoma.

Inês Peyroteo1, Filipa Santos2, Celso Marialva3

  • 1Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Lisbon, Urology, Lisbon. ipeyroteo@gmail.com.

Archivio Italiano Di Urologia, Andrologia : Organo Ufficiale [Di] Societa Italiana Di Ecografia Urologica E Nefrologica
|October 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Programmed death-ligand (PD-L1) expression in penile squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is linked to lymph node metastasis. Patients with PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 1 showed a trend towards worse overall survival, highlighting its clinical significance.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is a rare malignancy.
  • Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint protein implicated in tumor immune evasion.
  • Understanding PD-L1 expression in penile SqCC may offer prognostic insights.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between PD-L1 immunoexpression, measured by combined positive score (CPS), and clinical outcomes in penile SqCC.
  • To determine if PD-L1 CPS correlates with tumor characteristics and patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 34 penile SqCC cases diagnosed between 2018 and 2023.
  • PD-L1 immunohistochemistry performed to assess immunoexpression in tumor and immune cells.
  • PD-L1 positivity defined as CPS ≥ 1; analysis of clinicopathological features and survival outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Of 34 patients, 22 (64.7%) had PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1.
  • PD-L1 expression was associated with larger tumor size, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion, though not all reached statistical significance.
  • Lymph node metastasis was significantly more frequent in patients with PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 (63.6%, p=0.031).
  • A trend towards worse overall survival was observed in patients with PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1 (53.4 months vs 75.9 months, p=0.188).

Conclusions:

  • Lymph node involvement is clinically significant in penile SqCC with PD-L1 CPS ≥ 1.
  • A trend towards worse overall survival suggests PD-L1 CPS may be a prognostic marker in penile SqCC.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of PD-L1 in penile SqCC progression and treatment response.