The association between thyroid disease and hearing loss: a meta-analysis.

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Otolaryngology
• Public Health

Background:

• Thyroid-related diseases are increasingly recognized for their systemic effects.
• A potential association between thyroid dysfunction and hearing loss has been suggested.
• Understanding this link is crucial for comprehensive patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To conduct a meta-analysis investigating the relationship between thyroid-related diseases and hearing loss.
• To quantify the risk and prevalence of hearing loss in individuals with hypothyroidism.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was performed across major databases including PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science.
• Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the chi-square test and I-squared index.
• Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and the Egger test.

Main Results:

• The meta-analysis included 18 studies with 48,507 participants.
• Individuals with hypothyroidism showed a 1.69-fold increased risk of hearing loss (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.11-2.57).
• The prevalence of hearing loss in hypothyroid patients was 24%, and hypothyroidism prevalence in hearing-impaired individuals was 7%.

Conclusions:

• Thyroid dysfunction is a significant risk factor for developing hearing loss.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
• This finding underscores the importance of considering thyroid health in audiological assessments.