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Conventional cytology scheme: adherence and associated factors
Daniela Lugo-Salazar1, Lucelly López-López2, Catalina Bernal-Lopera3
1Ayudas diagnósticas SURA, Medellín, Colombia; Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Medellín, Colombia.
Public Health
|October 2, 2024
Summary
Low adherence to cervical cytology screening (20.4%) was observed in Colombian women. Factors like lower education and pregnancy history decreased adherence, while HPV vaccination increased it, highlighting areas for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Gynecologic oncology
- Public health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cervical cancer screening through cytology is crucial for early detection and prevention.
- Understanding adherence rates and associated factors is essential for optimizing screening program effectiveness.
- Previous studies highlight variations in screening adherence across different populations and healthcare settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze adherence rates to conventional cytology screening among women in Medellin, Colombia.
- To identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with adherence to cytology screening protocols.
- To provide evidence for improving cervical cancer screening program strategies.
Main Methods:
- An observational cohort study with repeated measures was conducted.
- Data from 26,445 women screened between January 2018 and December 2022 were analyzed.
- A Poisson model with robust errors was used to determine factors associated with adherence (1-3 cytology tests).
Main Results:
- The overall adherence rate to cytology screening was 20.4%.
- Factors associated with decreased adherence included high school education, history of pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination history was significantly associated with increased adherence (RR = 2.11).
Conclusions:
- Monitoring cytology programs is vital for enhancing patient engagement and screening uptake.
- Targeted follow-up for women with identified risk factors for low adherence is recommended.
- Implementing strategies such as appointment reminders can improve adherence to cervical cancer screening.
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