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The Use of Chemostats in Microbial Systems Biology
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Optimal resource allocation in micro-organisms under periodic nutrient fluctuations.

J Innerarity Imizcoz1, W Djema2, F Mairet3

  • 1Université Côte d'Azur, Inria, INRAE, CNRS, Macbes team, France.

Journal of Theoretical Biology
|October 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacteria optimally allocate resources in dynamic environments, with strategies potentially yielding higher growth rates than static conditions. This research explores optimal control for microbial metabolism in periodic settings.

Keywords:
Microbial growthOptimal controlPeriodic environmentPontryagin’s Maximum Principle

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial Physiology
  • Systems Biology
  • Theoretical Biology

Background:

  • Most microbial studies use static conditions, not reflecting dynamic environments.
  • Understanding resource allocation in changing environments is crucial for microbial growth.
  • Bacteria face periodic fluctuations in resources and conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine optimal resource allocation strategies for bacteria in periodic environments.
  • To maximize long-term cellular growth under varying environmental conditions.
  • To analyze the role of protein precursor allocation in microbial metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a dynamic model for microbial metabolism under varying conditions.
  • Applied Pontryagin's Maximum Principle (PMP) to analyze the optimal control problem (OCP).
  • Utilized direct optimization methods (BOCOP software) to solve the OCP.

Main Results:

  • Optimal control strategies are often 'bang-bang' with potential singular or chattering arcs.
  • Optimal solutions over long horizons relate to single-period solutions with periodic constraints.
  • Maximal average growth rates in periodic environments can exceed those in constant environments.
  • Model predictions align with experimental observations in E. coli, highlighting ppGpp's role.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into optimal resource allocation for bacteria in dynamic environments.
  • Periodic environments can support higher growth rates than static ones.
  • The ppGpp signaling molecule is crucial for regulating protein precursor allocation in E. coli.