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Relationship between Lactate Dehydrogenase and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving immunotherapy.

Claudia Rosique-Aznar¹, Alejandro Valcuende-Rosique², Dolores Rosique-Robles³

¹Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España.

Farmacia Hospitalaria : Organo Oficial De Expresion Cientifica De La Sociedad Espanola De Farmacia Hospitalaria

|October 2, 2024

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Biomedical And Clinical Sciences

Oncology And Carcinogenesis

Predictive And Prognostic Markers

Relationship Between Lactate Dehydrogenase And Survival In Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving Immunotherapy.

This summary is machine-generated.

High pre-treatment lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients predict poorer response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Elevated LDH is linked to reduced overall survival, highlighting its potential as a prognostic biomarker.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Biomarkers
Immunotherapy

Background:

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an approved biomarker for immunotherapy response in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its predictive efficacy is inconsistent.
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is associated with tumor aggressiveness and poorer prognosis in various cancers.
LDH may serve as a valuable biomarker for monitoring treatment response in cancer patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between pre-treatment lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
To evaluate LDH as a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response in NSCLC.

Main Methods:

Retrospective study analyzing data from 181 NSCLC patients treated with at least three cycles of immunotherapy.
Collected data included demographics, clinical and pathological characteristics, treatment details, and pre-treatment LDH levels.
Clinical outcomes such as treatment response and overall survival (OS) were assessed.

Main Results:

Elevated pre-treatment LDH levels (>244 U/L) were significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) (332 days vs. 548 days, p=0.037).
This association was particularly noted in male patients (332 days vs. 623 days, p=0.043) and those with metastatic disease (249 days vs. 474 days, p=0.023).
Patients receiving both immunotherapy and chemotherapy with elevated LDH also showed reduced OS (281 days vs. 623 days, p=0.042).

Conclusions:

High pre-treatment LDH levels indicate lower treatment efficacy and a worse prognosis for NSCLC patients undergoing immunotherapy.
LDH may serve as a prognostic biomarker, especially in male and metastatic NSCLC patients with low PD-L1 expression (<1%).
Further research is warranted to validate LDH's role in predicting immunotherapy response.

Keywords:

Biomarcadores Biomarkers Cáncer de pulmón no microcítico Immunotherapy Inmunoterapia Lactate dehydrogenase Lactato deshidrogenasa Non-small cell lung cancer Supervivencia Survival