Role of macrophages in aortic dissection pathogenesis: insights from preclinical studies to translational prospective

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Biology
• Immunology
• Vascular Pathology

Background:

• Aortic dissection is a life-threatening vascular disease with high mortality.
• Inflammation is a significant factor in the onset and progression of aortic dissection.
• Macrophages are immune cells increasingly recognized for their role in aortic dissection pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the pathogenesis of aortic dissection, focusing on the role of macrophages.
• To explore macrophage origins, phenotypes, and functions in aortic dissection.
• To discuss therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages in aortic dissection.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent research findings on macrophages in aortic dissection.
• Analysis of molecular and cellular interactions involving macrophages.
• Synthesis of current knowledge on macrophage contributions to aortic dissection.

Main Results:

• Macrophages are involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, immune cell infiltration, and smooth muscle cell changes.
• Specific macrophage origins and phenotypic variations influence their role in disease progression.
• Key molecules and cellular interactions highlight potential therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

• Macrophages are critical players in the development and progression of aortic dissection.
• Further understanding of macrophage biology offers promising avenues for targeted therapeutic interventions.
• This review consolidates current knowledge to guide future research and clinical strategies.