Inflammation in Dry Eye Disease-Pathogenesis, Preclinical Animal Models, and Treatments
Santosh Bhujbal1, Ilva D Rupenthal1, Philipp Steven2
1Buchanan Ocular Therapeutics Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Aotearoa-New Zealand National Eye Centre, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Summary
Dry eye disease (DED) involves inflammation and tear film instability. This review explores preclinical models and therapeutic strategies targeting DED-associated inflammation for improved treatments.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent ocular surface condition impacting vision and quality of life.
- DED is characterized by tear film instability, hyperosmolarity, ocular surface inflammation, and neurosensory issues.
- Current DED treatments often target symptoms, but underlying inflammation is gaining focus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of dry eye disease.
- To highlight diagnostic tools and signs associated with DED-related inflammation.
- To discuss preclinical animal models for studying DED and evaluating anti-inflammatory therapies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on inflammation in DED.
- Analysis of current and emerging therapeutic strategies.
- Evaluation of preclinical models relevant to DED research.
Main Results:
- Inflammation is a key factor in the DED cycle, potentiating instability and hyperosmolarity.
- Preclinical models are essential for understanding DED mechanisms and testing new treatments.
- Targeting inflammation offers a promising avenue for novel DED therapies.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the inflammatory component of DED is critical for developing effective treatments.
- Preclinical models provide valuable insights into DED pathogenesis and therapeutic responses.
- Future DED therapies may increasingly focus on modulating ocular surface inflammation.
