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Gender-specific risks for incident cancer in patients with different heart failure phenotypes

Qin-Fen Chen1,2, Christos S Katsouras3, Chenyang Liu4

  • 1Medical Care Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

ESC Heart Failure
|October 3, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Heart failure (HF) significantly increases cancer risk by 58%, affecting both men and women. Both HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are linked to higher cancer incidence.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Conflicting evidence exists regarding the association between heart failure (HF) and cancer risk.
  • Understanding this relationship is crucial for patient management and risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between heart failure (HF) and the risk of developing incident cancer.
  • To explore potential gender differences and the impact of different HF phenotypes (HFpEF and HFrEF) on this association.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study utilizing data from adult individuals without prior cancer diagnosis.
  • Patients were categorized into heart failure (HF) groups (HFpEF and HFrEF) and a control group without HF.
  • Incident cancer, including obesity-related, tobacco-related, lung, colorectal, and breast cancers, was the primary outcome.

Main Results:

  • A total of 33,033 individuals were analyzed, with 16,722 diagnosed with HF.
  • Patients with HF exhibited a 58% increased risk of developing cancer compared to those without HF (adjusted HR 1.58).
  • This elevated cancer risk was observed consistently across both genders and both HF phenotypes (HFpEF and HFrEF).

Conclusions:

  • Both HFpEF and HFrEF are significantly associated with an increased risk of incident cancer.
  • The heightened cancer risk in HF patients is consistent across male and female populations.
  • These findings underscore the importance of considering cancer risk in patients with heart failure.
Abstract

Keywords:
cancercardio‐oncologyheart failureheart failure with preserved ejection fractionheart failure with reduced ejection fractionprognosis

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