Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 11, 2025

A Model of Chronic Nutrient Infusion in the Rat
Published on: August 14, 2013
Factors affecting blood sugar changes in diabetic patients using a three-level model in analysis of longitudinal data
Tahereh Rohani1, Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki2,3, Mahmoud Hajiahmadi3
1Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Background:
Diabetes, a currently threatening disease, has severe consequences for individuals' health conditions. The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting the changes in the longitudinal outcome of blood sugar using a three-level analysis with the presence of missing data in diabetic patients.
Methods:
A total of 526 diabetic patients were followed longitudinally selected from the annual data collected from the rural population monitored by Tonekabon health centers in the North of Iran during 2018-2019 from the Iranian Integrated Health System (SIB) database. In analyzing this longitudinal data, the three-level model (level 1: observation (time), level 2: subject, level 3: health center) was carried out with multiple imputations of possible missing values in longitudinal data.
Results:
Results of fitting the three-level model indicated that every unit of change in the body mass index (BMI) significantly increased the fasting blood sugar by an average of 0.5 mg/dl (p=0.024). The impact of level 1 (observations) was insignificant in the three-level model. Still, the random effect of level 3 (healthcare centers) showed a highly significant measure for health centers (14.62, p<0.001).
Conclusion:
The BMI reduction, the healthcare centers' socioeconomic status, and the health services provided have potential effects in controlling diabetes.
More Related Videos
07:22Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
Published on: March 7, 2025
08:01A Method for Manipulating Blood Glucose and Measuring Resulting Changes in Cognitive Accessibility of Target Stimuli
Published on: August 12, 2016
Related Concept Videos
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Factors affecting Blood pressure
Physiological Factors:
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...