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COVID-19 associated lung cavitary lesions: A case series
Rama Bozorgmehr1, Farzad Esmaili Tarki2, Esmat Yazdi3
1Clinical Research Development Unit, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine
|October 3, 2024
Summary
Pulmonary cavities can be a late complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Risk factors such as diabetes and superinfections influence the development of these lung cavities in patients recovering from COVID-19.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Radiology
Background:
- Pulmonary cavities represent a potential late complication following COVID-19 infection.
- This study investigates the characteristics and potential causes of pulmonary cavities in post-COVID-19 patients.
- The phenomenon has led to increased referrals to tertiary care centers.
Observation:
- A retrospective case-series study included 20 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who developed pulmonary cavities between April 2020 and September 2021.
- Electronic medical records were analyzed to assess patient characteristics.
- Findings were compared with existing literature.
Findings:
- 60% of patients with cavities had a history of COVID-19.
- 45% had type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- Bacterial (45%) and fungal (44%) superinfections were common. Corticosteroids were administered to all patients; Tocilizumab was given to 20%.
Implications:
- Pulmonary cavities are an infrequent but significant radiologic finding in the recovery phase of COVID-19.
- Specific risk factors, including comorbidities and secondary infections, are associated with their development.
- Further research is warranted to understand the pathogenesis and optimal management of post-COVID-19 pulmonary cavities.
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