Two-dimensional nanomaterials based on rare earth elements for biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science, Nanotechnology, Chemistry

Background:

• Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials exhibit unique properties and diverse applications.
• Layered rare earth-based nanomaterials, such as layered rare earth hydroxides (LREHs) and doped perovskites, are emerging as significant 2D materials.
• These materials possess anion-exchangeability and exfoliative properties, enabling their dimensional reduction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the synthesis, exfoliation, and fabrication of 2D rare earth nanomaterials.
• To explore the biomedical applications of these 2D rare earth-based or doped nanomaterials and composites.
• To provide an outlook on the future opportunities and challenges in this field.

Main Methods:

• Exfoliation of LREHs and layered rare earth-doped perovskites into ultrathin nanosheets.
• Fabrication techniques, including superlattice assembly, to create diverse compositions and structures.
• Review of recent advancements in biomedical applications, focusing on drug delivery and MRI.

Main Results:

• Ultrathin nanosheets with high anisotropy and flexibility are obtained upon exfoliation.
• Fabrication methods allow for the optimization and creation of new properties in rare earth nanomaterials.
• Significant progress has been made in using these nanomaterials for drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging.

Conclusions:

• 2D rare earth nanomaterials offer promising platforms for advanced functional applications.
• Further research into their design and fabrication can lead to novel properties and expanded applications.
• This review aims to stimulate interest and provide insights into the development of rare earth-based nanomaterials.