3D monitors improve performance on the HUGO™ RAS system: a randomised trial

Area of Science:

• Robotics in Medicine
• Surgical Simulation
• Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

• Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) offers enhanced precision and flexibility over traditional laparoscopy.
• RAS utilizes 3D vision and articulated instruments for improved surgical capabilities.
• Investigating the impact of monitor type (3D vs. 2D) in RAS is crucial for optimizing training and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To isolate and evaluate the effect of 3D versus 2D monitors on performance in robot-assisted surgery simulations.
• To compare surgical novices' performance metrics and visual comfort levels between 3D and 2D monitor conditions.

Main Methods:

• Surgical novices (n=31) were randomized to simulation-based training on the Medtronic Hugo™ RAS system with 3D or 2D vision.
• Participants completed four exercises six times across two sessions.
• Performance parameters and a visual discomfort questionnaire were collected as outcomes.

Main Results:

• The 3D vision group demonstrated significantly improved efficiency and speed compared to the 2D group (p<0.001).
• No significant differences were observed in error metrics like instrument drops or collisions between the groups (p>0.05).
• The 3D group reported significantly greater difficulty with visual focus (p=0.001).

Conclusions:

• 3D monitors in robotic surgery consoles enhance efficiency and speed in simulated environments when using articulated instruments.
• While beneficial for performance, 3D vision may present challenges related to visual comfort for novice surgeons.