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Artificial Intelligence Algorithm for Subclinical Breast Cancer Detection
Jonas Gjesvik1, Nataliia Moshina1, Christoph I Lee2,3
1Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
JAMA Network Open
|October 3, 2024
Summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms may predict future breast cancer risk by analyzing mammograms. Higher AI scores in breasts that later developed cancer suggest potential for personalized screening and earlier detection.
Area of Science:
- Radiology and Medical Imaging
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Oncology and Cancer Research
Background:
- Early breast cancer detection significantly reduces morbidity and mortality.
- Current screening methods aim for timely diagnosis, but advancements are needed for risk stratification.
- Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise in medical image analysis for disease detection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate if a commercial AI algorithm can predict future breast cancer development.
- To assess the utility of AI-derived scores in identifying women at high risk for breast cancer.
- To explore the potential for AI in personalizing breast cancer screening strategies.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study involving 116,495 women aged 50-69 with no prior breast cancer history.
- Utilized screening mammography data from 2004-2018 and an AI algorithm (INSIGHT MMG) for cancer detection scoring.
- Analyzed AI scores to compare women who developed screening-detected cancer, interval cancer, or no cancer over three biennial screenings.
Main Results:
- Mean absolute AI scores were significantly higher in breasts that developed cancer up to 4-6 years later compared to those that did not.
- The difference in AI scores between breasts that developed cancer and those that did not increased substantially with each screening round.
- Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed strong performance (AUC up to 0.96) for AI score differences in predicting screening-detected cancer.
Conclusions:
- Commercial AI algorithms for breast cancer detection can potentially identify women at elevated risk of future cancer.
- AI-driven risk assessment may enable personalized screening approaches, leading to earlier breast cancer diagnosis.
- These findings support the integration of AI into screening programs for improved patient outcomes.
