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TRPV1: A novel target for the therapy of diabetes and diabetic complications
Yu-Rong Shen1, Long Cheng1, Dong-Fang Zhang1
1Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by abnormally elevated blood glucose levels. Type II diabetes accounts for approximately 90% of all cases. Several drugs are available for hyperglycemia treatment. However, the current therapies for managing high blood glucose do not prevent or reverse the disease progression, which may result in complications and adverse effects, including diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. Hence, developing safer and more effective methods for lowering blood glucose levels is imperative. Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) is a significant member of the transient receptor potential family. It is present in numerous body tissues and organs and performs vital physiological functions.
Purpose:
This review aimed to develop new targeted TRPV1 hypoglycemic drugs by systematically summarizing the mechanism of action of the TRPV1-based signaling pathway in preventing and treating diabetes and its complications.
Methods:
Literature searches were performed in the PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Medline, and Scopus databases for 10 years from 2013 to 2023. The search terms included "diabetes," "TRPV1," "diabetic complications," and "capsaicin."
Results:
TRPV1 is an essential potential target for treating diabetes mellitus and its complications. It reduces hepatic glucose production and food intake and promotes thermogenesis, metabolism, and insulin secretion. Activation of TRPV1 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, myocardial infarction, vascular endothelial dysfunction, gastroparesis, and bladder dysfunction. Suppression of TRPV1 improves diabetes-related osteoporosis. However, the therapeutic effects of activating or suppressing TRPV1 may vary when treating diabetic neuropathy and periodontitis.
Conclusion:
This review demonstrates that TRPV1 is a potential therapeutic target for diabetes and its complications. Additionally, it provides a theoretical basis for developing new hypoglycemic drugs that target TRPV1.
Insights
Transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) shows promise for treating diabetes and its complications by regulating glucose production and metabolism. This review explores TRPV1
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Endocrinology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus, particularly Type II, is a chronic condition with inadequate current therapies.
- Existing treatments for hyperglycemia do not prevent disease progression or associated complications like neuropathy and retinopathy.
- Developing novel, effective, and safe glucose-lowering methods is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the mechanism of action of the TRPV1 signaling pathway in diabetes.
- To explore the potential of TRPV1 as a therapeutic target for diabetes and its complications.
- To provide a basis for developing new TRPV1-targeted hypoglycemic drugs.
Main Methods:
- Conducted a literature search across major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus).
- Focused on studies published between 2013 and 2023.
- Utilized keywords: "diabetes," "TRPV1," "diabetic complications," and "capsaicin."
Main Results:
- TRPV1 activation reduces hepatic glucose production, decreases food intake, and enhances thermogenesis, metabolism, and insulin secretion.
- TRPV1 activation ameliorates various diabetic complications including nephropathy, retinopathy, myocardial infarction, and vascular dysfunction.
- TRPV1 modulation shows potential for osteoporosis and certain neuropathies, though effects can vary.
Conclusions:
- TRPV1 represents a significant therapeutic target for managing diabetes mellitus and its associated complications.
- This review establishes a theoretical foundation for the development of novel hypoglycemic agents targeting the TRPV1 pathway.