Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy: Impaired mitophagy triggers NLRP3 inflammasome

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the challenging complications of diabetes and is characterized by peripheral nerve damage due to hyperglycemia in diabetes. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported as one of the key pathophysiological factor contributing to nerve damage in diabetic neuropathy, clinically manifesting as neurodegenerative changes like functional and sensorimotor deficits. Accumulating evidence suggests a clear correlation between mitochondrial dysfunction and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Unraveling deeper molecular aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction may provide safer and effective therapeutic alternatives. This review links mitochondrial dysfunction and appraises its role in the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy. We have also tried to delineate the role of mitophagy in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in experimental diabetic neuropathy.