On the heterogeneous microstructure and strengthening mechanisms in a laser welding AZ80 magnesium alloy

This study investigates the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of a laser welded AZ80 magnesium alloy. The welding process led to the formation of coarse-grained fusion zone (FZ), where a secondary phase formed continuous network. Mg₁₇Al₁₂ precipitation and coarsening of grain boundaries occurred in the heat affected zone. The welded joint exhibited excellent mechanical properties with a yield strength of 202 MPa and a joint efficiency of 92%. The microstructure analysis via EPMA and EBSD in conjunction with synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that precipitates and increased dislocation density in the fusion zone are primary strengthening mechanisms for the laser welded AZ80 Mg alloy.