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P-N junction

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

Published on: January 10, 2017

Cross-Linking-Integrated Sequential Deposition: A Method for Efficient and Reproducible Bulk Heterojunctions in

Hyunkyoung Kim¹, Yuchan Heo², Yeji Na¹

¹Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

|October 4, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Cross-linking-integrated sequential deposition (XSqD) improves organic solar cell fabrication by enhancing solvent resistance. This novel method boosts reproducibility and stability, achieving a 14.1% power conversion efficiency.

Keywords:

cross-linked-polymer film uniformity organic photovoltaic reproducibility sequential deposition

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Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer

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In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

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Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Published on: January 29, 2017

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Organic Electronics
Photovoltaics

Background:

Bulk heterojunctions (BHJs) are key for organic solar cells (OSCs).
Sequential deposition (SqD) offers advantages over single-step blend solution deposition (BSD).
Improving reproducibility and stability in SqD-processed OSCs is crucial for commercialization.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel cross-linking-integrated sequential deposition (XSqD) method for efficient and reproducible BHJ fabrication.
To address challenges in solvent selection for nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) in SqD.

Main Methods:

Developed XSqD by cross-linking polymer donors with 2Bx-4EO or 2Bx-8EO cross-linkers.
Enhanced solvent resistance of the polymer donor layer against NFA solvents.
Fabricated OSC devices using the XSqD method.

Main Results:

XSqD significantly increased reproducibility compared to conventional SqD.
Achieved a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.1% using 2Bx-4EO.
Demonstrated superior device stability with only 1% and 6% PCE reduction after 50h thermal stress at 80°C and 120°C, respectively.

Conclusions:

XSqD is an effective method for fabricating efficient, reproducible, and stable BHJs for OSCs.
The cross-linking approach overcomes solvent compatibility issues in SqD.
This method holds promise for advancing the practical application of SqD in OSC production.