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Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects
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Double-stranded RNA Oral Delivery Methods to Induce RNA Interference in Phloem and Plant-sap-feeding Hemipteran Insects

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Functionally Modified Graphene Oxide as an Alternative Nanovehicle for Enhanced dsRNA Delivery in Improving

Qi Xue1, Jiangjie Li1, Sven Vereecken2

  • 1Molecular Entomology Laboratory, Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|October 4, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Graphene oxide nanocarriers efficiently deliver double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) for RNA interference (RNAi) pest control. These biosafe nanocarriers enhance RNAi efficacy and insect mortality with minimal cytotoxicity.

Keywords:
RNA interference (RNAi)cytotoxicitygraphene oxide nanocarrierspest control

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • RNA interference (RNAi) offers a sustainable approach to pest management.
  • Effective RNAi requires efficient delivery systems for double-stranded RNA (dsRNA).
  • Nanocarriers are crucial for enhancing dsRNA stability and cellular uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate graphene oxide nanocarriers (GONs) for dsRNA delivery.
  • To assess the stability and cellular uptake of GONs-dsRNA complexes.
  • To investigate the efficacy of GONs-mediated RNAi in insect pest models.

Main Methods:

  • Graphene oxide was modified into positively charged nanocarriers (GONs).
  • GONs were complexed with dsRNA targeting the vacuolar ATPase gene (vha26).
  • Stability, cellular uptake, target gene knockdown, insect mortality, and cytotoxicity were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • GONs formed stable complexes (106 nm) with dsRNA, effective under various conditions.
  • GONs facilitated dsRNA delivery into insect cells, enhancing target transcript knockdown.
  • GONs@dsRNA induced significant mortality and gene knockdown in *D. suzukii* but not *S. exigua*.
  • GONs exhibited negligible cytotoxicity at cellular and organismal levels.

Conclusions:

  • GONs are effective and biosafe nanocarriers for dsRNA delivery in insects.
  • This technology advances RNAi applications for pest control and fundamental research.
  • GONs offer a promising alternative strategy for sustainable pest management.