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Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix

Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix

Published on: October 20, 2021

Differential T-cell profiles determined by Hepatitis B surface antigen decrease among people with Human

Xiaodi Li^1,2, Ling Xu^1,3, Lianfeng Lu¹

¹Department of Infectious Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Journal of Translational Medicine

|October 4, 2024

Summary

Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV/HBV coinfection alters T cell phenotypes, impacting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance. These immune changes offer insights into achieving a functional cure for HBV.

Keywords:

CD4+ T cells CD8+ T cells Coinfection Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)Human immunodeficiency Virus-1 Memory T cells

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Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix

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Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

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Published on: September 25, 2019

Area of Science:

Immunology
Virology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance is enhanced by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1/Hepatitis B Virus (HIV/HBV) coinfected patients.
The immunological mechanisms driving HBsAg clearance during cART in coinfected individuals remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the immune phenotypic profiles associated with HBsAg clearance in HIV/HBV coinfected patients undergoing cART.
To compare immune characteristics between patients achieving HBsAg response and those who do not.

Main Methods:

Flow cytometry was used to analyze immune phenotypes in 48 HIV/HBV coinfected patients before and after cART (1 and 3 years).
61 patients with HBV monoinfection were included as a comparison group.
HBsAg response (sAg-R) was defined as a >0.5 log decrease in HBsAg within six months of cART initiation.

Main Results:

Sixteen patients achieved sAg-R, displaying distinct immune phenotypes compared to HBsAg-retained patients.
Patients with sAg-R had lower CD4+ T cell counts but higher HBcAg-specific T cells, with notable upregulation of HLA-DR, Ki67, and PD-1 in CD4+ T cells.
Specific T cell subsets (TEM, Th17) and marker expressions (HLA-DR, Ki67, PD-1, CD38, T-bet, TIM-3) on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells correlated with HBsAg decline.

Conclusions:

HBsAg decline in HIV/HBV coinfection during cART is linked to significant shifts in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell phenotypes.
These findings provide a new perspective on achieving a functional cure for Hepatitis B Virus infection in coinfected patients.