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Does higher ratio of wheat straw addition decrease PAHs degradation in PAHs-contaminated paddy soils and PAHs

Jun Cai¹, Xiangyao Wu¹, Jing Yang¹

¹College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, PR China.

The Science of the Total Environment

|October 5, 2024

Summary

Straw returning impacts polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation in paddy soils, with optimal effects at specific amounts. Pretreated straw and higher application rates enhanced PAHs removal and reduced accumulation in rice.

Keywords:

Bacterial community DOC PAHs degradation Returning methods Rice Straw returning

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Soil Science
Agricultural Science

Background:

Limited research exists on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation in paddy soils following straw incorporation.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose risks to soil and crop health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of varying wheat straw application rates and types on PAHs degradation in contaminated paddy soils.
To assess the impact of straw returning on PAHs accumulation in rice plants.

Main Methods:

Incubation experiments were performed to measure PAHs degradation rates.
Pot trials were conducted to quantify PAHs accumulation in rice.
Bacterial community diversity and functional genes involved in PAHs degradation were analyzed.

Main Results:

A threshold effect of straw returning on PAHs degradation was observed, with peak degradation at 0.8% wheat straw.
Pretreated straw (PS) enhanced PAHs degradation compared to conventional straw (CS), but also increased PAHs in rice due to higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC).
Optimal straw application (1%) reduced PAHs in rice by enhancing rhizosphere degradation and microbial activity.

Conclusions:

The amount and method of straw returning significantly influence PAHs degradation in paddy soils and their uptake by rice.
Pretreated straw shows potential for enhancing PAHs degradation, but careful management is needed to mitigate increased PAHs accumulation in crops.
Optimizing straw application strategies can improve soil remediation of PAHs in agricultural systems.