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Aerobic exercise training-induced bone and vascular adaptations in mice lacking adiponectin
Hyerim Park1, Samuel P Trupiano2, Steven L Medarev2
1Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Bone
|October 6, 2024
Summary
Adiponectin is vital for bone health and vascular function. Exercise improves bone structure in adiponectin knockout mice, but vascular adaptations are impaired without this protein.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Bone Biology
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- Adiponectin influences metabolism and insulin sensitivity.
- Its role in bone health and response to exercise is debated.
- Exercise training positively impacts bone density, microarchitecture, and blood flow.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate adiponectin's role in bone microarchitecture and vascular adaptations to aerobic exercise.
- To compare wild-type (WT) and adiponectin knockout (AdipoKO) mice responses.
Main Methods:
- Adult male WT and AdipoKO mice underwent 8-10 weeks of treadmill exercise or remained sedentary.
- Microcomputed tomography analyzed trabecular bone in the femur and mandible.
- Femoral arteries were assessed for vasoreactivity and structural remodeling.
Main Results:
- AdipoKO mice exhibited impaired femoral trabecular bone structure and reduced nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation.
- Exercise improved femoral bone connectivity in both WT and AdipoKO mice.
- Exercise enhanced mandibular bone volume and intersection surface in both groups, but vascular adaptations to exercise were blunted in AdipoKO mice.
Conclusions:
- Adiponectin is essential for maintaining normal bone microarchitecture and vasculature.
- Adiponectin deficiency impairs exercise-induced bone vascular adaptation.
- Compensatory mechanisms may contribute to bone microarchitecture changes during exercise in AdipoKO mice.
