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Free radicals in Alzheimer's disease: From pathophysiology to clinical trial results

José Viña1, Consuelo Borrás1, Cristina Mas-Bargues1

  • 1Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERFES-ISCIII), INCLIVA, Valencia, 46010, Spain.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|October 6, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Oxidative stress and free radical damage are central to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) progression. Antioxidant therapies, like polyphenol supplementation, may help prevent dementia onset and slow cognitive decline.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biochemistry
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathophysiology involves oxidative stress.
  • Amyloid-beta (Aβ) contributes to intracellular damage, particularly via mitochondrial dysfunction.
  • Free radicals play a role in AD signaling pathways, linking Aβ to tau hyperphosphorylation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's Disease.
  • To explore the link between free radicals, amyloid-beta, and tau pathology.
  • To discuss antioxidant strategies for AD prevention and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on oxidative stress in Alzheimer's Disease.
  • Examination of the molecular mechanisms involving amyloid-beta and mitochondria.
  • Analysis of evidence linking radical signaling to AD progression.

Main Results:

  • Amyloid-beta disrupts mitochondrial function, increasing free radical production.
  • Free radicals contribute to signaling pathways implicated in tau hyperphosphorylation.
  • Evidence supports the hypothesis that free radical damage is linked to AD pathology.

Conclusions:

  • Antioxidant therapy is a potential strategy to delay dementia progression.
  • Enhancing endogenous antioxidant defenses, such as with polyphenols, may help prevent dementia onset.
  • Understanding redox-related pathophysiology offers new avenues for AD prevention and treatment.
Keywords:
Alzheimer's diseaseGenisteinTreatment

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