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Published on: February 13, 2020
Subjective Difficulty with Higher-Level Functional Capacity in Community-Dwelling Older People withMild Cognitive
Yoshitaka Shiba1, Saori Anzai2, Takuya Ueda3
1Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University.
Background And Purpose:
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a predictor of future age-related dementia. We herein investigated associations of MCI with higher-level functional capacities, as well as with subjective difficulty regarding these functions, in community-dwelling older people, to identify a simple method for early MCI detection.
Method:
We administered a test battery to 118 community-dwelling older people living in an urban area. The battery consisted of three tests;the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC), the Touch Panel-type Dementia Assessment Scale (TDAS), and the Geriatric Depression Scale-15. We then excluded participants with possible dementia or depression symptoms, and divided the remainder (n = 67) into an MCI group (n = 16) and a non-MCI group (n = 51), according to TDAS performance.
Results:
Logistic regression analysis with the MCI and non-MCI groups as dependent variables indicated that TMIG-IC was a significant variable. Male sex and the perception that preparing meals and filling out pension forms had become more difficult were significantly associated with MCI, each independently increasing the probability of MCI.
Conclusions:
Subjective difficulty with higher-level functions and impairment in higher-level functional capacity may serve as indices for mass screening for MCI.
Insights
Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be possible through subjective reports of difficulty with daily tasks. Impaired higher-level functional capacity also indicates potential MCI in older adults.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neurology
- Cognitive Science
Background:
- Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a significant predictor of age-related dementia.
- Early detection of MCI is crucial for timely intervention and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between MCI and higher-level functional capacities in community-dwelling older adults.
- To identify simple methods for early detection of MCI.
Main Methods:
- A test battery including the TMIG-IC, TDAS, and Geriatric Depression Scale-15 was administered to 118 older adults.
- Participants with dementia or depression symptoms were excluded, leaving 67 individuals for analysis.
- Participants were divided into MCI (n=16) and non-MCI (n=51) groups based on TDAS performance.
Main Results:
- Logistic regression analysis identified TMIG-IC as a significant variable associated with MCI.
- Male sex independently increased the probability of MCI.
- Subjective difficulty in preparing meals and completing pension forms was significantly associated with MCI.
Conclusions:
- Subjective difficulties with higher-level functions can serve as an index for MCI screening.
- Impairment in higher-level functional capacity may also indicate MCI.
- These findings suggest potential for mass screening of MCI using simple functional assessments.
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