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Bone augmentation using bioresorbable mesh domes containing bone graft granules.

Toshiki Yanagisawa1, Koichiro Hayashi2, Kunio Ishikawa2

  • 1Department of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. yanagisawa@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|October 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Bioresorbable mesh domes with knitted mesh on the outward-facing side significantly enhanced bone formation in rabbit calvaria by preventing fibrous tissue invasion. This innovation offers a simpler alternative to traditional guided bone regeneration techniques.

Keywords:
Appositional bone formationBioresorbable meshCarbonate apatiteImplantationRabbit calvaria

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Bone graft granules are crucial for ridge augmentation but guided bone regeneration (GBR) techniques are complex.
  • Bioresorbable mesh domes (BMDs) offer a potential solution for easier bone grafting.
  • This study investigates novel BMD designs for improved bone regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of bioresorbable mesh domes (BMDs) with different Vicryl mesh configurations for bone regeneration.
  • To compare bone formation in rabbit calvaria using woven and knitted mesh combinations in BMDs.
  • To assess the potential of BMDs as a simplified alternative to conventional GBR.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of BMDs using woven and knitted Vicryl mesh containing carbonate apatite granules.
  • Implantation of BMDs into rabbit calvaria for radiomorphometric and histological analysis.
  • Comparison of three BMD configurations: UW/LW, UW/LK, and UK/LK.

Main Results:

  • The UK/LK group (knitted mesh on the skin side) showed significantly enhanced appositional bone formation.
  • Knitted mesh prevented fibrous tissue infiltration, promoting osteoprogenitor interaction with granules.
  • Woven mesh groups (UW/LW, UW/LK) exhibited limited bone formation due to faster absorption and fibrous tissue invasion.

Conclusions:

  • BMDs utilizing knitted mesh on the outward-facing side are effective for enhancing bone regeneration.
  • This design facilitates osteoprogenitor migration and bone apposition while preventing fibrous tissue ingrowth.
  • BMDs offer a promising, less complex approach for alveolar ridge augmentation compared to traditional GBR.