Effects of D₃K₂ With Periodontal Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus and Stage I-II Periodontitis Patients

The aim of this study is to look into the clinical and biochemical outcomes of D₃K₂ supplementation in addition to nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) for patients suffering from diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis.

Thirty-eight participants with DM and periodontitis were randomized into two different groups. The test group provided NSPT with D₃K₂ whereas the control group received NSPT with placebo. Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded and serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were sampled at baseline and at the third and the sixth months after treatment. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), 25(OH)D₃, parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) values were determined in blood samples. GCF and serum interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

All clinical periodontal parameters were importantly decreased at the third and sixth months after treatment compared to baseline in both groups. At the sixth month, 25(OH)D₃ levels in the test group were observed to be statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.02). Serum IL-1β showed a statistically significant decrease at the sixth month compared to baseline and the third month in control group.

According to this study, there is limited additional benefit of D₃K₂ given with NSPT in individuals with DM and periodontitis.