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A Simple Method for Isolation of Soybean Protoplasts and Application to Transient Gene Expression Analyses
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AP1c and SOC1 Form a Regulatory Feedback Loop to Regulate Flowering Time in Soybean
Haiyang Li1, Chunmei Liao1, Hui Yang1
1Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
Plant, Cell & Environment
|October 7, 2024
Summary
Soybean flowering time, crucial for yield, is regulated by a feedback loop between APETALA1c (AP1c) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1) proteins. An AP1c allele identified during domestication promotes early flowering in cultivated soybean.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Genetics
- Agronomy
Background:
- Flowering time is a critical determinant of soybean yield.
- APETALA1 (AP1) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 (SOC1) are known regulators of flowering time in soybean.
- The precise genetic and regulatory interactions between AP1 and SOC1 in soybean remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the regulatory relationship between AP1c and SOC1 proteins in soybean.
- To investigate the role of these interactions in controlling flowering time.
- To identify genetic variations influencing flowering time during soybean domestication.
Main Methods:
- Co-immunoprecipitation to assess protein-protein interactions.
- Quantitative real-time PCR to analyze gene expression.
- Promoter binding assays to determine direct transcriptional regulation.
Main Results:
- AP1c physically interacts with SOC1a and SOC1b.
- SOC1a and SOC1b upregulate AP1c expression, promoting flowering.
- AP1c represses SOC1a and SOC1b expression by binding to their promoters, preventing precocious flowering.
- An exceptional AP1c allele (AP1c^G) selected during domestication promotes early flowering.
Conclusions:
- AP1c and SOC1 proteins form a regulatory feedback loop controlling soybean flowering time.
- This feedback loop ensures appropriate flowering time, balancing yield and developmental progression.
- The identified AP1c^G allele offers potential for soybean breeding programs aiming for earlier flowering phenotypes.
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