Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Characteristics of Life01:23

Characteristics of Life

Biology is a natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their structure, function, development, interactions, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. The field's scope is extensive and divided into several specialized disciplines, such as anatomy, physiology, ethology, genetics, and many more. All living things share a few key traits, including cellular organization, heritable genetic material and the ability to adapt/evolve, metabolism to regulate energy needs, the...
What is Behavior?00:54

What is Behavior?

Behaviors are actions that an organism engages in—they can be related to finding food, reproducing, defending against threats, and many other possible actions. Behaviors include activities related to the environment around the animal—such as migration—as well as social interactions within a species or population. Many behaviors involve motor output—that is, muscle movements—while others involve less visible actions, such as learning.
Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
Synthetic Biology02:55

Synthetic Biology

Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

Environmental Applications of Microorganisms

Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Investigations on the polymorphism of K<sub>4</sub>CaSi<sub>6</sub>O<sub>15</sub> at elevated temperatures.

Journal of the American Ceramic Society. American Ceramic Society·2024
Same author

The magnetic properties of MAl<sub>4</sub>(OH)<sub>12</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>·3H<sub>2</sub>O with M = Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, and Cu<sup>2+</sup> determined by a combined experimental and computational approach.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2023
Same author

Excess heat capacity and entropy of mixing along the hydroxyapatite-chlorapatite and hydroxyapatite-fluorapatite binaries.

Physics and chemistry of minerals·2021
Same author

Raman spectroscopic insights into the glass transition of poly(methyl methacrylate).

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2021
Same author

Excess enthalpy of mixing of mineral solid solutions derived from density-functional calculations.

Physics and chemistry of minerals·2020
Same author

Furfuryl Alcohol and Lactic Acid Blends: Homo- or Co-Polymerization?

Polymers·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
14:55

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: June 24, 2018

9.2K

A new activity model for biotite and its application.

Edgar Dachs1, Artur Benisek1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Division Mineralogy, University of Salzburg, Jakob-Haringerstrasse 2a, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.

Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology. Beitrage Zur Mineralogie Und Petrologie
|October 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new biotite activity model using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The model improves mineral chemistry predictions in metamorphic rocks, offering enhanced accuracy for petrological research.

Keywords:
Activity modelKFMASHTO biotiteMetapeliteMicroscopic interaction parametersPseudosectionThermodynamic mixing properties

More Related Videos

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases
08:14

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

Published on: October 25, 2019

7.3K
Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research
07:29

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

Published on: September 27, 2024

681

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
14:55

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: June 24, 2018

9.2K
Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases
08:14

Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

Published on: October 25, 2019

7.3K
Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research
07:29

Author Spotlight: Advanced Techniques for Characterizing Tissue Mineralization in Bone Regeneration Research

Published on: September 27, 2024

681

Area of Science:

  • Geochemistry
  • Mineral Physics
  • Computational Materials Science

Background:

  • Biotite is a key mineral in metamorphic petrology, but accurately modeling its thermodynamic properties remains challenging.
  • Existing biotite activity models often lack precision due to simplified assumptions about mixing behavior.
  • The KFMASHTO system requires new thermodynamic models to account for titanium and ferric end-members in biotite.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, physically-based activity model for biotite in the KFMASHTO system.
  • To incorporate titanium-biotite, ferric-biotite, and pyrophyllite end-members into the biotite model.
  • To utilize density functional theory (DFT) to derive microscopic interaction parameters for enhanced thermodynamic calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a new biotite activity model within the KFMASHTO system.
  • Application of density functional theory (DFT) using Castep software for phonon calculations and entropy determination.
  • Parameterization of macroscopic mixing properties (macro-W's) using single-defect DFT and experimental data.
  • Derivation of microscopic interaction energies (micro-w's) for Mg-Al and Si-Al mixing in biotite.

Main Results:

  • Standard entropies and heat capacity functions for titanium-biotite and ferric-biotite end-members were calculated using DFT.
  • Enthalpies of formation for titanium-biotite and natural biotite were constrained using experimental phase-equilibrium data.
  • DFT-derived microscopic interaction energies (micro-w's) were obtained for key mixing parameters in biotite.
  • The new model, incorporating DFT-based micro-w's, showed improved agreement with measured mineral compositions in test cases.

Conclusions:

  • The developed biotite activity model represents a next-generation approach, integrating physically-based parameters from DFT.
  • The model demonstrates superior performance compared to existing models in predicting biotite mineral chemistry across various metamorphic conditions.
  • This physically-grounded model enhances the accuracy of petrological calculations and thermodynamic modeling of metamorphic processes.