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Related Concept Videos

Protein Glycosylation01:25

Protein Glycosylation

6.8K
Glycosylation, the most common post-translational modification for proteins, serves diverse functions. Adding sugars to proteins makes the proteins more resistant to proteolytic digestion. Glycosylated proteins can act as markers and receptors to promote cell-cell adhesion. Additionally, they have many essential quality control functions in the cell, such as correct protein folding and facilitating transport of misfolded proteins to the cytosol, which can be degraded.
Glycosylation occurs in...
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Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

3.9K
Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
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Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

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A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Glycomics-Guided Glycoproteomics Facilitates Comprehensive Profiling of the Glycoproteome in Complex Tumor Microenvironments
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Glycomics-Guided Glycoproteomics Facilitates Comprehensive Profiling of the Glycoproteome in Complex Tumor Microenvironments

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Clinical glycoproteomics: methods and diseases.

Yujia Wang1, Kaixin Lei1, Lijun Zhao1

  • 1Department of General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward General Practice Medical Center and Institutes for Systems Genetics West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China.

Medcomm
|October 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This review explores clinical glycoproteomics, focusing on abnormal protein glycosylation in diseases. Advancements in mass spectrometry aid in identifying disease-related glycoproteins for potential diagnostics and therapeutics.

Keywords:
cancersclinical glycoproteomicsglycosylationkidney diseasesmass spectrometrymetabolic diseases

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Proteomics
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Glycoproteins are crucial for biological processes; aberrant glycosylation is linked to various diseases.
  • Studying clinical glycoproteomics is challenging due to low abundance and complex structures of glycans.
  • Recent mass spectrometry advancements enhance the identification of abnormal glycoproteins in clinical samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of clinical glycoproteomic methodologies and applications.
  • To discuss the role of glycoproteins in diseases like cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders.
  • To highlight future directions in clinical glycoproteomics for disease understanding and biomarker discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Review of mass spectrometry-based glycoproteomic techniques.
  • Analysis of glycoprotein characteristics, functions, and disease mechanisms.
  • Exploration of applications in various clinical fields.

Main Results:

  • Recent advancements improve the identification of abnormal glycoproteins.
  • Glycoproteins play significant roles in signal transduction and immune response.
  • Abnormal glycosylation is implicated in brain, cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic diseases, as well as cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical glycoproteomics offers insights into disease pathogenesis.
  • Enhanced understanding can lead to novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
  • Future developments hold promise for advancing personalized medicine.