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Recurrent Pericarditis and Paradigm Shift in Cardiovascular Imaging and Targeted Therapeutics

Rehan Karmali1, Tahir S Kafil1, Aqieda Bayat1

  • 1Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Diseases, Section of Cardiovascular Imaging, Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

JACC. Advances
|October 7, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent pericarditis, a challenging condition, is now better understood. Advances in imaging and interleukin-1 inhibitors offer new treatment options for patients with autoinflammatory phenotypes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Inflammation
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Recurrent pericarditis presents significant clinical challenges and healthcare costs.
  • Recent advancements have improved understanding of its pathophysiology, imaging, and treatment since 2015.
  • Autoinflammatory mechanisms are increasingly recognized in recurrent pericarditis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on recurrent pericarditis, focusing on pathophysiology, imaging, and treatment.
  • To highlight the impact of novel therapies, including imaging-guided treatment and interleukin-1 inhibitors.
  • To discuss the evolving paradigm in managing recurrent pericarditis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies and guidelines.
  • Analysis of pathophysiology and autoinflammatory mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of multimodality imaging techniques and their role in guiding therapy.
  • Assessment of treatment strategies, particularly interleukin-1 inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • Enhanced understanding of recurrent pericarditis pathophysiology.
  • Multimodality imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis and monitoring.
  • Interleukin-1 inhibitors show promise in treating autoinflammatory phenotypes.
  • A paradigm shift in recurrent pericarditis management is emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent pericarditis care has been transformed by new insights and therapies.
  • Imaging-guided therapy and interleukin-1 inhibitors are key advancements.
  • Further research is needed to optimize diagnosis and treatment timing.

Keywords:
autoinflammatory phenotypecardiac magnetic resonanceinterleukin-1multimodality imagingrecurrent pericarditis

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