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Biosensor for Detection of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus Bacteria
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Molecular diversity in fusidic acid-resistant Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

Dalida Bivona1, Emanuele Nicitra1, Carmelo Bonomo1

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Medical Molecular Microbiology and Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory (MMARLab), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Jac-Antimicrobial Resistance
|October 7, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fusidic acid resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is multifactorial, linked to gene mutations or mobile elements. Surveillance of resistant strains, including BORSA, is crucial for managing infections and understanding virulence factors.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Emergence of fusidic acid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus necessitates active surveillance.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of resistance and virulence in clinical strains is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms of fusidic acid resistance.
  • To characterize virulence factors in borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (BORSA) clinical isolates.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic and genotypic methods were employed.
  • Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on clinical S. aureus strains.
  • Antibiotic susceptibility testing and analysis of resistome and virulome profiles were conducted.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct sequence types (STs) were identified: ST630, ST8, ST15, and ST1.
  • Fusidic acid resistance was associated with mutations in fusA, fusB, or fusC genes.
  • One strain showed mupirocin resistance due to the mupA gene; three strains were classified as BORSA.
  • Complex virulence gene content was observed, including the PVL toxin gene (lukS/F).

Conclusions:

  • Fusidic acid resistance in S. aureus is multifactorial, involving chromosomal mutations or mobile genetic elements.
  • Monitoring antibiotic resistance is key to managing and eradicating resistant S. aureus strains.
  • Resistant S. aureus strains can act as significant carriers of virulence determinants.

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