Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: a retrospective analysis

Area of Science:

• Gynecologic Oncology
• Pathology
• Oncology

Background:

• Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (UIMT) is a rare neoplasm with uncertain malignant potential.
• Limited case series data hinder understanding of UIMT diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide clinical insights into UIMT diagnosis and treatment strategies.
• To analyze patient data for improved understanding of this rare tumor.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 27 UIMT patient files from January 2013 to May 2023.
• Review of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes.
• Assessment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) immunohistochemistry results.

Main Results:

• Common presentations included abnormal uterine bleeding (51.85%) and suspected uterine fibroids (44.44%).
• ALK immunohistochemistry was positive in 96.3% of cases.
• All patients achieved disease-free survival after a median follow-up of 8 months, with treatments including total hysterectomy or lesion resection.

Conclusions:

• UIMT diagnosis is challenging due to easily misdiagnosed presentations.
• Histology, immunohistochemistry (positive ALK), and molecular testing (FISH, NGS) are crucial for diagnosis.
• Treatment strategies vary based on fertility preservation needs, with hysterectomy for non-fertility-requiring patients and resection for fertility preservation.