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Electroless silver plating on fabrics for antimicrobial coating: comparison between cotton and polyester.

Ivan Vito Ferrari¹, Micaela Castellino², Anissa Pisani¹

¹Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Massa, Italy.

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials

|October 7, 2024

Summary

This study developed a fast, room-temperature silver coating method for textiles, creating antimicrobial cotton and polyester. The treated fabrics show strong antibacterial and antiviral properties, ideal for healthcare applications.

Keywords:

Electroless silver plating antibacterial properties antiviral properties textiles coating

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Textile Engineering
Nanotechnology

Background:

Increased demand for antimicrobial textiles post-COVID-19 pandemic.
Need for rapid, cost-effective, and scalable methods for textile functionalization.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a convenient, room-temperature method for applying antimicrobial silver coatings on textiles.
To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy and biocompatibility of silver-coated cotton and polyester.

Main Methods:

Electroless silver plating at room temperature on cotton and polyester fabrics.
Characterization using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
Biocompatibility testing with L929 fibroblasts and HaCaT cells.
Antibacterial testing against Escherichia coli.
Antiviral testing with SARS-CoV-2 and Feline Calicivirus (a norovirus surrogate).

Main Results:

Successful application of silver coatings on cotton and polyester without nanoparticle formation.
Increased surface roughness and hydrophobicity observed on Ag-coated textiles.
Approximately 80% biocompatibility with tested cell lines.
Strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli.
Rapid viral reduction: 100% for SARS-CoV-2 on cotton (30 min) and polyester (1 h); >60% for Feline Calicivirus in 5 min, 100% in 1 h for both.

Conclusions:

A fast, efficient, and low-cost method for producing antimicrobial textiles via silver plating.
Silver-coated textiles demonstrate broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and good biocompatibility.
Potential for widespread use in medical and healthcare settings.