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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • Large-scale galaxy surveys reveal potential parity violation in galaxy distribution.
  • This observation challenges standard gravitational dynamics within general relativity.
  • Such a violation could imply new physics beyond the standard model and inflation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the galaxy trispectrum for explanations of observed parity violation.
  • To determine if relativistic corrections, rather than intrinsic properties, account for the phenomenon.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the galaxy trispectrum, the Fourier counterpart of the four-point correlation function.
  • Inclusion of redshift-space distortions and subleading relativistic corrections.
  • Comparison of relativistic corrections with standard Newtonian corrections.

Main Results:

  • The intrinsic galaxy trispectrum is parity invariant.
  • Subleading relativistic corrections to the trispectrum are not parity invariant.
  • These relativistic effects become significant at intermediate linear scales and dominant at larger scales.

Conclusions:

  • Relativistic corrections, not standard gravity, explain observed parity violation in galaxy distribution.
  • Parity violation is expected in the observed galaxy four-point correlation function on large scales.
  • This finding necessitates a re-evaluation of cosmological models and the search for new physics.