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Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Pharmaceutical Access
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Limited understanding of new medicine timelines across diverse economic settings.
  • Essential medicines are crucial for global health equity.
  • Disparities in drug access can exacerbate health inequalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the time lag for new medicine launches in countries with varying income levels.
  • To analyze trends in medicine availability from 1982 to 2024.
  • To identify disparities in access to essential medicines globally.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of IQVIA data on new drug launches in 75 countries (low-, middle-, and high-income) from 1982-2024.
  • Inclusion of medicines from the World Health Organization's Model List of Essential Medicines.
  • Kaplan-Meier estimation to determine median time to availability post-global launch.

Main Results:

  • Nearly 74% of first global launches occurred in only eight high-income countries.
  • Median time to availability: 2.7 years (high-income), 4.5 years (upper-middle), 6.9 years (lower-middle), and 8.0 years (low-income).
  • The access gap between high-income and low-income countries remained consistent over the study period.

Conclusions:

  • Significant delays exist in new medicine availability for lower-income countries.
  • Current launch patterns perpetuate global health inequities.
  • Urgent strategies are needed to accelerate access to essential medicines in underserved regions.