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Hypertension in Cardiovascular and Kidney Disease: Recent Trends - Treating Two Diseases as One

Antonio De Pascalis1, Alessandro Tomassetti2, Daniele Vetrano2

  • 1Nephrology, Dialysis Unit, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy.

Cardiorenal Medicine
|October 7, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are closely linked, with high blood pressure worsening kidney function and declining kidney function worsening blood pressure control. Optimal management is crucial to prevent cardiovascular risks and adverse outcomes in CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share a bidirectional pathophysiological relationship.
  • High blood pressure (BP) accelerates kidney disease progression in adults and children.
  • Declining kidney function exacerbates BP control issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical link between hypertension and CKD.
  • To highlight the increased cardiovascular risk associated with hypertension in CKD.
  • To underscore the necessity of optimal BP management in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of the existing literature on hypertension and CKD.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological interactions between arterial hypertension and kidney function.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Hypertension is a significant factor in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) loss.
  • Hypertension in CKD patients elevates cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
  • CVD is the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in the CKD population.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal blood pressure management in CKD is essential to interrupt a detrimental cycle.
  • Emerging therapeutic agents targeting hypertension in CKD show promise.
  • Future treatments may significantly alter the management of high BP in CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseChronic kidney diseaseHypertension

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