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A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.
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A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Published on: November 7, 2018

Costs and benefits of diagnostic and therapeutic methods in Salmonella infections

D Scevola, G Barbarini, E Concia

    Bollettino Dell'Istituto Sieroterapico Milanese
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed

    Insights

    This study analyzed Salmonella infection management in 335 patients. An economic approach to diagnostics and therapeutics significantly improved Salmonella infection care between 1976 and 1984.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Medical Microbiology
    • Health Economics

    Background:

    • Salmonella infections pose a significant public health challenge.
    • Effective management strategies are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality.
    • Understanding the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions is vital for optimizing patient care.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the diagnostic procedures and therapeutic interventions used in managing hospitalized Salmonella infections.
    • To assess the cost-benefit ratio of various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
    • To determine the impact of an economic approach on Salmonella infection management over a nine-year period.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 335 hospitalized patients with Salmonella infection (1976-1984).
    • Categorization of Salmonella species, including S. typhi, S. paratyphi B, S. typhimurium, and others.
    • Evaluation of diagnostic methods (blood cultures, stool cultures), antibiotic sensitivity, and therapeutic outcomes (antibiotic treatment, lactulose acidification).
    • Estimation of costs associated with bacteriologic cultures, serological tests, antibiotics, and supportive therapy.

    Main Results:

    • Salmonella species identified included S. typhi (18.8%), S. paratyphi B (7.7%), S. typhimurium (14.3%), and others (59.1%).
    • Blood cultures were positive in 18.8% of cases; bacteremia in typhoid fever was 60.3%.
    • Antibiotic treatment (e.g., Ciprofloxacin, Ampicillin, Co-trimoxazole) achieved Salmonella clearance in 60.8% of patients.
    • Stool acidification with lactulose resulted in negative cultures in 37% of treated patients.
    • Maximal cost/case ratio was observed for stool cultures in diagnostics and Ampicillin in therapy.
    • Average length of hospital stay was 20.7 days, with an 11-day chemotherapy duration.

    Conclusions:

    • The implementation of an economic approach to diagnostic and therapeutic procedures significantly improved the management of Salmonella infections.
    • Cost-effectiveness analysis is essential for optimizing resource allocation in infectious disease management.
    • Further research into cost-effective diagnostic and treatment strategies for Salmonella infections is warranted.

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