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Ocular effects of synthetic cannabinoids: a case-control study.

Merve Sena Kunduracı1, Furkan Kırık2, Ismail Umut Onur3

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Synthetic cannabinoid (SC) users showed decreased intraocular pressure and altered choroidal thickness. Further research is needed to confirm these ocular effects of SCs.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are associated with various adverse effects.
  • Ocular manifestations of SC use are not well-documented.
  • This study investigates the ocular effects of "Bonzai", a specific SC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the ocular effects of "Bonzai" synthetic cannabinoid (SC) use.
  • To compare ocular parameters between seropositive, seronegative, and healthy control groups.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 60 male patients with "Bonzai" use history and 30 healthy male controls.
  • Patients were categorized as seropositive or seronegative based on urine toxicology.
  • Ocular parameters measured included intraocular pressure, retinal thickness, choroidal thickness, RNFL, GCC, and choroidal vascularity index (CVI).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in blood pressure or retinal measurements were observed.
  • Seropositive "Bonzai" users exhibited significantly lower intraocular pressure.
  • Reduced subfoveal and parafoveal choroidal thickness and increased CVI were noted in "Bonzai" users compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • "Bonzai" synthetic cannabinoid use is associated with decreased intraocular pressure and choroidal changes.
  • Further studies with larger sample sizes and purified SCs are recommended.
  • Histopathologic studies are needed to elucidate choroidal changes in seronegative users.