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Reproductive Risk Factor Patterns in Caribbean Women With Breast Cancer Across 4 Generations.

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Younger Caribbean women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) are experiencing earlier menarche and fewer pregnancies. These reproductive pattern shifts highlight evolving BC risk factors in this population.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Reproductive Health

Background:

  • Breast cancer (BC) is a significant health concern for Caribbean women.
  • Reproductive patterns are known to influence BC incidence and age at diagnosis.
  • Reproductive patterns in Caribbean women are understudied, necessitating focused research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate temporal trends in reproductive patterns among Caribbean-born women.
  • To examine changes in age at breast cancer diagnosis across different birth cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional observational study, the Caribbean Women's Cancer Study, was conducted.
  • Data were collected from women born in Caribbean countries diagnosed with invasive BC or ovarian cancer between 2010 and 2018.
  • Participants were divided into four birth cohorts (pre-1950, 1950-1959, 1960-1969, 1970+).

Main Results:

  • Younger birth cohorts showed a higher proportion of women with menarche at age 12 or younger, no pregnancies, and nulliparity.
  • Earlier BC diagnosis was associated with menarche at age 12 or younger and nulliparity.
  • Delayed first pregnancy increased the likelihood of estrogen receptor-positive tumors (OR, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08).

Conclusions:

  • Shifting reproductive patterns, including earlier menarche and fewer pregnancies, are observed in successive birth cohorts of Caribbean women with BC.
  • These changes correlate with younger age at BC diagnosis and specific tumor characteristics.
  • Interventions addressing evolving BC risk factors are crucial for this population.