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Epigenetic Contributors to PTSD: a Comprehensive Review.
Alexey Sustretov1, Alexey Kuznetsov, Daniil Kokorev
1Samara State Medical University, Samara, Russia.
Psychiatria Danubina
|October 8, 2024
Summary
Epigenetic modifications, especially DNA methylation, are key in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Specific gene methylation changes and accelerated epigenetic aging (GrimAge) are linked to PTSD, but the exact relationship requires more study.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Genetics
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex mental health condition following trauma.
- The underlying molecular mechanisms of PTSD are not fully understood.
- Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, are implicated in PTSD pathophysiology.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify significant epigenetic markers associated with PTSD.
- To review current literature on DNA methylation and PTSD.
- To explore the link between epigenetic aging and PTSD.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 325 articles, with 19 selected for detailed analysis.
- Inclusion criteria: 2018-2024 publication, original research, molecular-genetic data, statistical analysis, diagnostic verification, PTSD as primary condition, and ≥40 patients.
- Analysis focused on DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic aging markers.
Main Results:
- Strong correlations found between PTSD and methylation changes in specific genes: BDNF, MAD1L1, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, and SPATC1L.
- Significantly increased GrimAge acceleration was observed in patients with PTSD.
- Specific CpG sites (e.g., cg17057218, cg04755409) showed strong associations with PTSD.
Conclusions:
- DNA methylation plays a significant role in PTSD.
- The association between PTSD and epigenetic aging (GrimAge) warrants further investigation.
- Variability in findings highlights the need to consider trauma type, duration, and genetic factors in future research.
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