Beneficial effects of CHF6467, a modified human nerve growth factor, in experimental neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic...

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become the standard care to reduce morbidity and mortality in neonates affected by moderate-to-severe hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Despite the use of TH for HIE, the incidence of mortality and disabilities remains high.

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a potent neurotrophin, but clinical use is limited by its pain eliciting effects. CHF6467 is a recombinant modified form of human NGF devoid of algogenic activity (painless NGF).

In rodent hippocampal slices exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation, CHF6467 protected neurons from death and reverted neurotransmission impairment when combined with hypothermia. In a model of rat neonatal HIE, intranasal CHF6467 (20 μg kg^-1) significantly reduced brain infarct volume versus vehicle when delivered 10 min or 3 h after the insult. CHF6467 (20 and 40 μg kg^-1, i.n.), significantly decreased brain infarct volume to a similar extent to TH and when combined, showed a synergistic neuroprotective effect. CHF6467 (20 μg kg^-1, i.n.) per se and in combination with hypothermia reversed locomotor coordination impairment (Rotarod test) and memory deficits (Y-maze and novel object recognition test) in the neonatal HIE rat model. Intranasal administration of CHF6467 resulted in meaningful concentrations in the brain, blunted HIE-induced mRNA elevation of brain neuroinflammatory markers and, when combined to TH, significantly counteracted the increase in plasma levels of neurofilament light chain, a peripheral marker of neuroaxonal damage.

CHF6467 administered intranasally is a promising therapy, in combination with TH, for the treatment of HIE.