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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Analysis of Electrocardiograms and Behavior in Mice from Pregnancy to Lactation Period
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Differences between women and men in prolonged weaning.

Evelyn Röser1,2, Julia D Michels-Zetsche2,3, Hilal Ersöz2,3

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoraxklinik, University Hospital Heidelberg, Roentgenstrasse 1, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.

Respiratory Research
|October 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Sex does not influence weaning failure, but risk factors differ. Age and prior invasive ventilation duration are key for men, while women face risks from prior non-invasive ventilation, polyneuropathy, and delirium.

Keywords:
Invasive mechanical ventilationProlonged weaningSex-specific differencesWeaning outcome

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Area of Science:

  • Intensive Care Medicine
  • Sex-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Growing recognition of sex as a crucial factor in intensive care.
  • Need to understand sex-specific influences on prolonged weaning outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of sex on prolonged weaning.
  • Identify sex-specific risk factors for weaning failure.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 785 patients undergoing prolonged weaning.
  • Exclusion of patients with neuromuscular diseases.
  • Stepwise Cox regression analyses to identify risk factors separately for men and women.

Main Results:

  • Overall successful weaning rates were similar between sexes (77.9% women, 75.4% men).
  • Sex was not an independent risk factor for weaning failure.
  • Independent risk factors for men included age ≥ 65 and longer invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) duration.
  • Independent risk factors for women included longer IMV duration, prior non-invasive ventilation, critical illness polyneuropathy, and delirium.
  • Delirium was associated with favorable weaning in men, while nosocomial pneumonia was associated with favorable weaning in women.

Conclusions:

  • Significant sex-based differences exist in risk factors associated with weaning failure.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
  • Consideration of sex-specific factors may improve weaning outcomes.