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Floating photovoltaic systems: photovoltaic cable submersion testing and potential impacts
Ricardo Rebelo1, Luis Fialho1,2, Maria Helena Novais1,2
1Renewable Energies Chair, University of Evora, Evora, 7000-651, Portugal.
Open Research Europe
|October 9, 2024
Summary
Submerging floating photovoltaic cables with rubber insulation in saltwater accelerates degradation, leading to copper release. Freezing temperatures exacerbate this issue, impacting electrical performance and aquatic environments.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Materials Science
- Renewable Energy Technology
Background:
- Floating photovoltaics (FPV) are emerging but their aquatic ecosystem impacts and component durability are understudied.
- A key concern is the submersion of FPV cables, potentially degrading insulation, causing energy loss, and water contamination.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of submersion on photovoltaic cable durability.
- To evaluate potential environmental contamination from degraded FPV cables.
Main Methods:
- Photovoltaic cables with two insulation types were submerged in freshwater and artificial seawater.
- Weekly electrical insulation tests, water quality monitoring, and analysis for copper and microplastics were performed.
Main Results:
- Submersion of rubber-sheathed cables in saltwater caused accelerated degradation and reduced electrical insulation.
- Copper release into the aquatic environment was detected from degraded rubber-sheathed cables.
Conclusions:
- Submersion, particularly in saltwater and combined with freezing temperatures, accelerates the degradation of rubber-insulated photovoltaic cables.
- Degradation leads to reduced insulation resistance, visible damage, and copper contamination of water bodies.
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