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Gender and couple status differences in advance care planning: a cross-sectional study
Kristin R Baughman1, Ruth Ludwick2,3, Ashley Audi4
1Department of Family and Community Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
Palliative Care and Social Practice
|October 9, 2024
Summary
Gender and living situation significantly influence advance care planning (ACP). Women, especially those without partners, were more likely to discuss end-of-life wishes. Healthcare providers should engage women in coupled households and men without partners about ACP benefits.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Sociology
- Public Health
Background:
- Previous research on gender and marital status affecting advance care planning (ACP) has yielded inconsistent findings.
- The interaction between gender and living with a spouse or partner on ACP has been underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interplay of gender and couple status on ACP practices.
- Examined the impact on written instructions, durable power of attorney for healthcare (DPOAHC), and discussions of end-of-life decisions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cross-sectional data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
- Analyzed data from 632 deceased respondents using proxy informants.
- Employed generalized linear mixed models to assess main effects and interactions.
Main Results:
- Women were more prone to designate a DPOAHC and discuss their wishes compared to men.
- Women living alone were more likely to discuss end-of-life preferences than men living alone or individuals in couples.
- Couple status and gender are key factors influencing ACP engagement.
Conclusions:
- Gender and couple status are significant predictors of advance care planning behaviors.
- Healthcare providers should proactively educate women in relationships and men living alone about the importance and benefits of ACP.
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