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Nomograms and Reference Ranges for Intra-Cranial Ventricular Dimensions in Indian Neonates
Ayush Khare1, Ajay Kumar Gaur1, Megha Mittal2
1Department of Pediatrics, Gajra Raja Medical College, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, 474012, India.
Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|October 9, 2024
Summary
Normal reference values for intracranial ventricular indices like Anterior Horn Width (AHW), Ventricular Index (VI), and Thalamo-Occipital Distance (TOD) were established for Indian newborns. These measurements increase with gestational age and birth weight, aiding objective assessment.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal neuroimaging
- Pediatric neurology
- Medical biometry
Background:
- Establishing normative data for intracranial ventricular dimensions is crucial for diagnosing neurological conditions in neonates.
- Previous studies have not adequately addressed specific Indian neonatal populations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine normal reference values for Anterior Horn Width (AHW), Ventricular Index (VI), and Thalamo-Occipital Distance (TOD) in Indian newborns.
- To analyze the correlation of these ventricular indices with gestational age, birth weight, and head circumference.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 2200 Indian newborns.
- Cranial ultrasound performed between postnatal days 3-7 using the anterior fontanelle as the acoustic window.
- Statistical analysis including correlation, regression, and nomogram development against gestational age.
Main Results:
- Anterior Horn Width (AHW), Ventricular Index (VI), and Thalamo-Occipital Distance (TOD) significantly increase with gestational age and birth weight (p < 0.001).
- No significant correlation was found with gender or gestation type (singleton/multiple).
- Vaginal delivery group showed lower mean values compared to the Cesarean section group; strong left-right side correlation observed.
Conclusions:
- Intracranial ventricular dimensions are significantly influenced by increasing gestational age and birth weight in Indian neonates.
- Developed nomograms provide objective tools for assessing ventricular sizes in this population.
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