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ChatGPT for improving postoperative instructions in multiple fields of plastic surgery.

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Summary

ChatGPT can simplify complex postoperative instructions to a sixth-grade reading level, enhancing patient comprehension and safety. Prompting the AI for a lower grade level improves readability without sacrificing essential care information.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceChatGPTLarge language modelsPatient educationReadability

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Patient Communication

Background:

  • Postoperative discharge instructions often exceed recommended reading levels, hindering patient understanding and adherence.
  • Effective patient communication is crucial for successful home recovery and reducing readmissions.
  • National guidelines advocate for a sixth-grade reading level for patient education materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT in rewriting postoperative instructions to a sixth-grade reading level.
  • To assess the readability, understandability, actionability, and safety of AI-generated instructions.
  • To compare AI-rewritten instructions with original materials across four plastic surgery subspecialties.

Main Methods:

  • Original postoperative instructions from four plastic surgery procedures were collected.
  • ChatGPT was employed to rewrite instructions at fourth- and sixth-grade reading levels.
  • Readability, understandability, actionability, and safety were assessed using validated tools and surgeon review.

Main Results:

  • Original instructions averaged seventh- to eighth-grade reading levels.
  • ChatGPT-rewritten instructions at the fourth-grade level improved readability but decreased actionability.
  • Understandability scores improved with lower reading levels, and safety was maintained across all rewrites.

Conclusions:

  • ChatGPT effectively adapts postoperative instructions to a sixth-grade reading level, enhancing patient comprehension.
  • A sixth-grade reading level optimizes the balance between understandability and actionability for patient instructions.
  • AI tools like ChatGPT show promise in improving patient care through accessible medical information.