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Epidemiology of severe asthma in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sara Manti1,2, Paola Magri3,4,2, Annalisa De Silvestri5

  • 1Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.

European Respiratory Review : an Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society
|October 9, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Severe asthma affects 3% of European children, with prevalence varying by diagnostic criteria. More research is needed to understand incidence and regional differences in pediatric severe asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology
  • Systematic Reviews

Background:

  • Severe asthma significantly impacts a minority of children, causing frequent symptoms and hospitalizations.
  • Accurate global data on severe asthma epidemiology in children is lacking.
  • This study addresses this gap by providing data on severe asthma prevalence and regional differences.

Approach:

  • Conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort or cross-sectional studies published since 2003.
  • Searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies on severe asthma incidence and prevalence in children.
  • Assessed study quality and risk of bias using STROBE guidelines.

Key Points:

  • Included nine studies on European children (aged 5-18 years).
  • Overall severe asthma prevalence was 3% (95% CI 1-6%), with no significant sex difference.
  • Prevalence varied by diagnostic criteria (GINA: 6%; ERS/ATS: 1%; other: 3%). Incidence rates could not be determined.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first robust assessment of severe asthma prevalence in European children.
  • Highlights the need for research on incidence rates, standardized definitions, regional variations, comorbidities, and treatments.
  • Emphasizes the importance of addressing knowledge gaps in pediatric severe asthma.
Abstract

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