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Antibiotic Appropriateness for Urinary Tract Infections in Children
Marina Dantas1, Allison Ross Eckard1, Taylor Morrisette2
1Departments of Pediatrics.
Hospital Pediatrics
|October 10, 2024
Summary
Antibiotic prescribing for pediatric urinary tract infections (UTIs) often involves inappropriate broad-spectrum agents and prolonged durations. Interventions are needed to improve antibiotic stewardship and ensure appropriate treatment based on laboratory data.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Stewardship
- Clinical Pharmacy
Background:
- Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children.
- Appropriate antibiotic selection and duration are crucial for effective treatment and preventing resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate local antibiotic prescribing patterns for pediatric UTIs.
- To identify opportunities for antibiotic stewardship initiatives.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric UTI encounters (2021-2022).
- Assessment of antibiotic appropriateness based on urine culture results.
- Comparison of prescribing practices stratified by fever presence.
Main Results:
- 17% of 229 antibiotic regimens were appropriate.
- Third-generation cephalosporins were frequently used unnecessarily (80% of cases).
- Antibiotics were often continued despite negative or non-uropathogen urine cultures (60% of cases).
Conclusions:
- High prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic use in pediatric UTIs.
- Unnecessary broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing and prolonged treatment courses identified.
- Findings support the development of UTI treatment pathways to enhance antibiotic stewardship.
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