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Genomic characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus from children in China during 2017-2020

Fei Li1, Yun Zhu1, Qiuping Li1

  • 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Research Unit of Critical Infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU016, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China.

Archives of Virology
|October 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Genetic analysis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) reveals specific mutations in ON1 and BA9 genotypes. This genomic data is crucial for developing effective RSV prevention and control strategies, including new vaccines.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) pose a significant global health threat to young children, with human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) being a primary cause of mortality.
  • Understanding the genetic diversity of RSV is essential for effective public health interventions and the development of preventative measures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To monitor genetic variations in human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) circulating between 2017 and 2020.
  • To provide comprehensive genomic data to support the prevention, control, and vaccine development efforts against RSV.

Main Methods:

  • Determination of 105 complete RSV genome sequences.
  • Phylogenetic analysis of whole genome and G gene sequences.
  • Amino acid substitution analysis in viral proteins, particularly the F gene.

Main Results:

  • All analyzed RSVA strains belonged to genotype ON1, and all RSVB strains belonged to genotype BA9.
  • Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis revealed greater diversity than G-gene analysis.
  • Identified simultaneous amino acid substitutions in ON1 and BA9 genotypes, and substitutions in key antigenic sites of the F gene.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides critical genomic insights into circulating RSV strains.
  • Identified genetic variations can inform the design of targeted RSV vaccines and therapies.
  • Genomic surveillance is vital for ongoing RSV prevention and control efforts.

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