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Updated: Jun 10, 2025

Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
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Utilizing Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Devices in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: June 12, 2021

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Sex-Based Survival Outcomes in Cardiogenic Shock

Ashley M Darlington1, Kirsten M Lipps1, Benjamin Hibbert1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Journal of Cardiac Failure
|October 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

This study found no sex differences in mortality for cardiogenic shock (CS) patients. However, females undergoing percutaneous intervention (PCI) had better survival, suggesting potential underuse of PCI in women.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Sex-based disparities in care for cardiogenic shock (CS) have been noted, with lower rates of coronary angiography (CAG), percutaneous intervention (PCI), and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in females.
  • This study aimed to investigate sex-based disparities in CS care and their association with patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate sex-based disparities in the management and outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS).
  • To determine if differences in treatment utilization, such as coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous intervention (PCI), impact mortality rates between sexes.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study of 1498 adult cardiovascular intensive care unit (CICU) admissions for CS between 2007 and 2018.
  • Analysis compared treatment patterns and outcomes between male and female patients, including the use of CAG, PCI, and mechanical circulatory support (MCS).

Main Results:

  • Females with CS were older but had similar comorbidity burdens compared to males.
  • No sex differences were observed in the utilization of CAG and PCI; however, females received temporary MCS less frequently.
  • In-hospital and 1-year mortality rates did not differ between sexes. Females receiving PCI showed lower 1-year mortality risk, while those receiving CAG without PCI had higher risk compared to males.

Conclusions:

  • No significant sex-based disparities in mortality were found in this large CS patient cohort.
  • Females undergoing PCI experienced reduced 1-year mortality, suggesting potential underutilization of PCI as a life-saving therapy in this population.
  • Further research is warranted to address potential underuse of PCI in females with cardiogenic shock.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiogenic shockmechanical circulatory supportoutcomespercutaneous coronary interventionsex disparities

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