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Multidimensional perfectionism and orthorexia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Verity B Pratt1, Andrew P Hill2,3, Daniel J Madigan2
1School of Science, Technology, and Health, York St John University, York, UK. verity.pratt@yorksj.ac.uk.
Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD
|October 10, 2024
Summary
Both perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns are linked to orthorexia nervosa. Perfectionistic strivings uniquely predict orthorexia, highlighting the importance of this perfectionism dimension.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Eating Disorders
Background:
- Perfectionism is a multidimensional construct comprising perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns.
- Orthorexia nervosa is characterized by an unhealthy obsession with healthy eating.
- Understanding the relationship between perfectionism and orthorexia is crucial for mental health research.
Approach:
- A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted, searching PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Education Abstracts, Oxford Academic, and ScienceDirect.
- PRISMA guidelines were followed, with meta-analysis using random-effects models.
- Moderation analyses examined factors such as age, gender, domain, and measurement instruments.
Key Points:
- Eighteen studies with 19 samples (n=7064) were included; 12 studies (13 samples, n=4984) were used for meta-analysis.
- Both perfectionistic strivings (r+=0.27) and perfectionistic concerns (r+=0.25) showed positive associations with orthorexia.
- Perfectionistic strivings uniquely predicted orthorexia, contributing more to the total unique effect (TUE=0.35).
Conclusions:
- Both dimensions of perfectionism are positively associated with orthorexia nervosa.
- Perfectionistic strivings appear to be a stronger predictor of orthorexia.
- Further high-quality research is needed to explore mediating mechanisms and moderating factors, including measurement differences.
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